The city of Chennai (formerly Madras), on India’s south-east coast, was founded in the 17th century when the British East India Company built a harbour and fort here as a base for its spice trade. This led to a settlement known as George Town (so called because it was completed on St George’s Day) and it was from here that the modern town grew up.

The fort complex was surrounded by a 6m high wall and contained several buildings, including an army garrison, administrative quarters and a church. Lord Clive (‘Clive of India’), who helped to establish British rule in India, had his residence here for a while and it was also used as a base for the British regiment.

It was briefly occupied by the French before reverting to British control. The Fort is now used as the administrative headquarters for the regional government and acts as a base for the Indian army. Several of the original buildings remain, including Clive House, and Wellesley House, home to Richard Wellesley, brother of the Duke of Wellington. Tourists can stroll through the grounds of the complex and visit the Fort Museum and St Mary’s Church.

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